JAVA发送HTTP请求的四种方式总结

2023-07-04 20:00:03 361

源代码：http://github.com/lovewenyo/HttpDemo

1.HttpURLConnection

使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

HttpURLConnection是URLConnection的子类，提供更多的方法，使用更方便。

packagehttpURLConnection;

importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;

importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.URL;

publicclassHttpURLConnectionHelper{

publicstaticStringsendRequest(StringurlParam,StringrequestType){

HttpURLConnectioncon=null;

BufferedReaderbuffer=null;
StringBufferresultBuffer=null;

try{
URLurl=newURL(urlParam);
//得到连接对象
con=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//设置请求类型
con.setRequestMethod(requestType);
//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json;charset=GBK");
//允许写出
con.setDoOutput(true);
//允许读入
con.setDoInput(true);
//不使用缓存
con.setUseCaches(false);
//得到响应码
intresponseCode=con.getResponseCode();

if(responseCode==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
//得到响应流
InputStreaminputStream=con.getInputStream();
//将响应流转换成字符串
resultBuffer=newStringBuffer();
Stringline;
buffer=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(inputStream,"GBK"));
while((line=buffer.readLine())!=null){
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
returnresultBuffer.toString();
}

}catch(Exceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return"";
}
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){

Stringurl="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url,"POST"));
}
}

2.URLConnection

使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

建议使用HttpURLConnection

packageuRLConnection;

importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.URL;
importjava.net.URLConnection;

publicclassURLConnectionHelper{

publicstaticStringsendRequest(StringurlParam){

URLConnectioncon=null;

BufferedReaderbuffer=null;
StringBufferresultBuffer=null;

try{
URLurl=newURL(urlParam);
con=url.openConnection();

//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json;charset=GBK");
//允许写出
con.setDoOutput(true);
//允许读入
con.setDoInput(true);
//不使用缓存
con.setUseCaches(false);
//得到响应流
InputStreaminputStream=con.getInputStream();
//将响应流转换成字符串
resultBuffer=newStringBuffer();
Stringline;
buffer=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(inputStream,"GBK"));
while((line=buffer.readLine())!=null){
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
returnresultBuffer.toString();

}catch(Exceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}

return"";
}
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
Stringurl="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url));
}
}

3.HttpClient

使用方便，我个人偏爱这种方式，但依赖于第三方jar包，相关maven依赖如下：



commons-httpclient
commons-httpclient
3.1

packagehttpClient;

importjava.io.IOException;

importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;

publicclassHttpClientHelper{
publicstaticStringsendPost(StringurlParam)throwsHttpException,IOException{
//创建httpClient实例对象
HttpClienthttpClient=newHttpClient();
//设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);
//创建post请求方法实例对象
PostMethodpostMethod=newPostMethod(urlParam);
//设置post请求超时时间
postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT,60000);
postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/json");

httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);

Stringresult=postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
postMethod.releaseConnection();
returnresult;
}
publicstaticStringsendGet(StringurlParam)throwsHttpException,IOException{
//创建httpClient实例对象
HttpClienthttpClient=newHttpClient();
//设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);
//创建GET请求方法实例对象
GetMethodgetMethod=newGetMethod(urlParam);
//设置post请求超时时间
getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT,60000);
getMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/json");

httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);

Stringresult=getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
getMethod.releaseConnection();
returnresult;
}
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsHttpException,IOException{
Stringurl="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendPost(url));
System.out.println(sendGet(url));
}
}

4.Socket


使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；
使用起来有点麻烦。
packagesocket;
importjava.io.BufferedInputStream;
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.BufferedWriter;
importjava.io.IOException;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.io.OutputStreamWriter;
importjava.net.Socket;
importjava.net.URLEncoder;

importjavax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
importjavax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;

publicclassSocketForHttpTest{

privateintport;
privateStringhost;
privateSocketsocket;
privateBufferedReaderbufferedReader;
privateBufferedWriterbufferedWriter;

publicSocketForHttpTest(Stringhost,intport)throwsException{

this.host=host;
this.port=port;

/**
*http协议
*/
//socket=newSocket(this.host,this.port);

/**
*https协议
*/
socket=(SSLSocket)((SSLSocketFactory)SSLSocketFactory.getDefault()).createSocket(this.host,this.port);


}

publicvoidsendGet()throwsIOException{
//StringrequestUrlPath="/z69183787/article/details/17580325";
StringrequestUrlPath="/";

OutputStreamWriterstreamWriter=newOutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
bufferedWriter=newBufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("GET"+requestUrlPath+"HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host:"+this.host+"\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();

BufferedInputStreamstreamReader=newBufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(streamReader,"utf-8"));
Stringline=null;
while((line=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();

}


publicvoidsendPost()throwsIOException{
Stringpath="/";
Stringdata=URLEncoder.encode("name","utf-8")+"="+URLEncoder.encode("张三","utf-8")+"&"+
URLEncoder.encode("age","utf-8")+"="+URLEncoder.encode("32","utf-8");
//Stringdata="name=zhigang_jia";
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"+data);
OutputStreamWriterstreamWriter=newOutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),"utf-8");
bufferedWriter=newBufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("POST"+path+"HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host:"+this.host+"\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length:"+data.length()+"\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write(data);

bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();

BufferedInputStreamstreamReader=newBufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(streamReader,"utf-8"));
Stringline=null;
while((line=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null)
{
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{
/**
*http协议测试
*/
//SocketForHttpTestforHttpTest=newSocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com",80);
/**
*https协议测试
*/
SocketForHttpTestforHttpTest=newSocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com",443);
try{
forHttpTest.sendGet();
//forHttpTest.sendPost();
}catch(IOExceptione){

e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}

总结
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JAVA发送HTTP请求的四种方式总结

1.HttpURLConnection

2.URLConnection

3.HttpClient

4.Socket

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